• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:FR3017551A1
    申请号:FR1451356
    申请日:2014-02-20
    公开日:2015-08-21
    发明作者:Patrick Tanneau
    申请人:RECYCLAGE VALORISATION PHOTOVOLTAIQUE R V P；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a method and to a recycling plant for photovoltaic panels of rigid type. A rigid photovoltaic panel consists in principle of a superposition of layers of materials and which trap photovoltaic cells, this encapsulation layer being disposed between a back sheet and a glass plate, the back sheet being itself a plate of glass or to be formed of an aluminum / PET sheet covered on both sides with a film made of polyvinyl fluoride, this assembly being lighter than glass. During manufacture, electrical contacts are placed on the cells to connect them. These different layers are then bonded together by lamination and then by polymerization. Their connection is deemed irreversible. This laminated waterproof oxygen and water vapor is very resistant to bad weather. It gives a relative long life to photovoltaic panels, of the order of twenty or even a quarter century before their performance halves. Having reached the end of their life cycle, they should be reformed. In principle, we recover the glass sheet which is valued at the price of glass on the market. In order to recover the constituent material of the silicon-based photovoltaic cells, it is known to pyrolytically heat the encapsulation lamination in order to vaporize the plastics covering films. The material debris that formed the cells is then recovered, washed with an acid solution to remove the impurities they still carry. This process is however expensive and polluting. In US-A-2008236743 is presented an apparatus for removing a polarizing film from a liquid crystal display device. It comprises a rotating roller and a gripper disposed on the roller and adapted to grip a corner of the polarizing film. The roller moves parallel and rotating on a table on which is retained the display device. The rotational speed of the roller drive motor is controlled in relation to that of the drive motor in translation of said roller, so as to control the angle (0) of peeling of the film so as not to tear it. This unit is only for removing a polarizing film on a liquid crystal display. Based on this state of the art, the applicant has sought a solution allowing the recovery at a lower cost of silicon or other expensive materials constituting photovoltaic cells photovoltaic panels, in order to enhance these materials and allow their reuse. For this purpose, there is provided a method for recycling photovoltaic panels consisting of removing the photovoltaic cells they contain, the photovoltaic panels being of the type comprising, from their face intended to be exposed to the sun, a glass plate or manufactured in a translucent material, a first encapsulation film, photovoltaic cells, a second encapsulation film, the photovoltaic cells being trapped between the two films, a backsheet; according to the invention, the method consists, in a first step, in removing the contiguous backsheet and the second encapsulation film so as to expose the photovoltaic cells which remain retained on the first encapsulation film and then, in a second step, to heat and tear the photovoltaic cells exposed. The method of the invention thus makes it possible to remove the photovoltaic cells originally encapsulated in the photovoltaic panel. The process is relatively inexpensive to implement. The pure debris of the photovoltaic cells can advantageously be recycled by melting them in a crucible. According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the heating of the photovoltaic cells is carried out by flame.
    [0002] The flame instantly heats the metal components contained in the photovoltaic cells which reduces their adhesion to the encapsulating sheet exposed, and thus facilitates their removal. According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the tearing off of the photovoltaic cells is carried out by a sequential injection of a gas under pressure.
    [0003] The energy of repeated impacts of the pulsed gas, advantageously in the form of jets of compressed air, is perfect for tearing photovoltaic cells that fracture easily collectable debris. This method of tearing is relatively economical in energy. According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the two heating and tearing sub-steps are simultaneous and carried out by a relative displacement between a ramp carrying the heating and tearing means and a frame intended to support at least one panel photovoltaic. The recycling time is thus reduced by the simultaneity of these two sub-steps.
    [0004] According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the method consists in the first step in heating the photovoltaic panel from below, detaching a corner of said backsheet and said second encapsulation film and then winding these constituents to detach them from the panel photovoltaic.
    [0005] The heating of the panel on the glass side diffuses the heat in a homogeneous way to all its structure. The detachment by takeoff is carried out regularly and without tearing. According to an additional feature of the invention, the detachment of the corner is achieved by localized heating above it.
    [0006] This localized heating is sufficient to take off and lift the corner of said backsheet and said encapsulation film which can then be easily caught to remove said sheet, said film. According to an additional feature of the invention, the method consists in locally warming the zone being peeled off by means of a hot air flow. This localized supply of calories accelerates the speed of separation. A photovoltaic panel recycling facility intended to remove the photovoltaic cells they contain, is also part of the invention. the photovoltaic panels being of the type comprising, from their face intended to be exposed to the sun, a glass plate or made of a translucent material, a first encapsulation film, photovoltaic cells, a second encapsulation film, the photovoltaic cells trapped between the two films, a backsheet, the apparatus comprising a means for removing the joined backsheet and second encapsulation film; according to the invention, the installation comprises a mobile ramp sliding along a frame for supporting a photovoltaic panel in a vertical or quasi-vertical position, the ramp carrying a burner designed to heat the photovoltaic cells, nozzles ejection of a gas under pressure designed to tear said photovoltaic cells, said ramp being coupled to a displacement means arranged to move parallel to the photovoltaic panel when it is arranged in the frame. The installation thus makes it possible to remove the photovoltaic cells originally encapsulated in the photovoltaic panel. It is relatively simple in construction and economical in service.
    [0007] According to an additional feature of the invention, the installation comprises a box in which is enclosed the ramp carrying the burner and the ejection nozzles, the box having in the lower part a collection tray torn debris.
    [0008] The box avoids the dispersion of torn debris, dust produced. Collection is done by simply emptying the collection bin. According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the means for removing the contiguous backsheet and the second encapsulation film comprises a frame intended to support a photovoltaic panel, a drive means for translating said frame, a winding cylinder. provided with a retaining clip of the corner of the back sheet and of said second encapsulation film, a drive means for rotating said cylinder, so that the cylinder can take off and wind up the back sheet, the second encapsulation film to expose the photovoltaic cells on the first encapsulation film.
    [0009] The takeoff of the sheet and the encapsulation film is conducted during the translation of the frame carrying said photovoltaic panel and during the rotation of the cylinder. According to an additional feature of the invention, the translational drive means of the frame is common with the rotational drive means of the cylinder, the drive means comprising a geared motor coupled to at least one gear meshing on a fixed rack said frame, the cylinder being held between two fixed plates being driven at one end by the shaft of the geared motor. Only one drive means is sufficient to remove the encapsulating film and film. According to an additional feature of the invention, the clamp comprises a rotating cam movable against a shoe, said cam being connected to an operating means disposed on the other end of the cylinder. The operation of the clamp housed in the winding shaft is thus simply realized. The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made in connection with the attached drawings, among which: FIG. . 1 represents a perspective view of a machine intended to remove at least one sheet, a film constituting a photovoltaic panel, and whose frame supporting said photovoltaic panel is placed in a gripping position of said sheet, of said film, according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view in transparency of a photovoltaic panel according to the invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a detail of the machine shown in FIG. 1, showing a peeling pliers provided in a winding cylinder of at least one sheet, a film, of a photovoltaic panel according to the invention, FIG. 4 shows a cut-away perspective view of a detail of a release pliers and its actuating means between an open position and a closed position according to the invention, FIG. 5 shows a side view of a peel clamp provided with a pinch cam on a shoe of the corner of at least one sheet, a film constituting a photovoltaic panel according to the invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a machine for removing at least one sheet, a film constituting a photovoltaic panel, and whose frame supporting said photovoltaic panel is placed in an end-of-withdrawal position of said sheet, of said film, according to the invention, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a machine for tearing the photovoltaic cells exposed by the withdrawal machine shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the machine incorporating a retaining frame of a photovoltaic panel and which is placed in a horizontal loading, unloading position of the photovoltaic panel according to the invention, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the machine shown in FIG. 7 and whose frame supporting said photovoltaic panel is placed in an almost vertical position of removal of the photovoltaic cells of the photovoltaic panel according to the invention and FIG. 9 shows a side view of a machine for removing at least one sheet, a film constituting a photovoltaic panel, this view showing photovoltaic cells heating burners and photovoltaic cells tear-off nozzles according to the invention .
    [0010] The two machines presented in this invention under references 100 and 400 can be integrated in a photovoltaic panel recycling facility. The purpose of this installation is to recover at a lower cost photovoltaic cells encapsulated in rigid photovoltaic panels. These photovoltaic cells contain materials such as silicon (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, amorphous (a-Si)), cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper-indium-gallium selenide (CIGS), which can be recycled after being remelted . The machine 100 shown in FIG. 1 is intended to allow removal by separation of a sheet of a film constituting a photovoltaic panel. This machine performs the first step of the recycling process of the invention. Recall that in principle a photovoltaic panel Pp consists, with reference to FIG. 2, a superposition of several layers comprising from its upper face intended to be exposed to the sun, a glass plate P1 or made of a translucent material, an encapsulation lamination Fc made of two films Fl and F2 between which are arranged Cv photovoltaic cells, their internal connections, their output connections and insulators made of mylar ®, a rear sheet Fr, forming the bottom of the photovoltaic panel and supporting the electrical output boxes Bs. The rear sheet Fr is formed of a substrate preferably including an aluminum foil, a PET film, covered on each of its two faces, with a film generally made of fluoropolymer, such as polyvinyl fluoride. This film is sold in particular under the name Téldlar ®. Both F1 and F2 films are generally made of vinyl acetate (EVA).
    [0011] In FIG. 1, the machine 100 comprises a chassis 110 resting on the ground via a base 130, a support 200 for receiving a photovoltaic panel Pp, a device 300 for removing at least one sheet, a film constituting the solar panel. The removal operation is carried out by separation and preferably hot.
    [0012] The chassis 110 consists of three Pt beams forming a U-shaped structure which is parallel to the ground. The side beams PO and Pt3 rest by three feet on the ground. The support 200 takes the form of a frame Cd delimited by an assembly of four longitudinal members Lg1, Lg2, Lg3 and Lg4. Cl blocks Cl fixed on the frame can receive a photovoltaic panel by its corners, the photovoltaic panel being positioned with its glass plate facing down. The shims are arranged on the longitudinal members so that the edges of the photovoltaic panel are oriented approximately at 45 ° with respect to the longitudinal members and in particular the front spar Lg4. The frame can incorporate an additional beam Lg5 parallel to the backbone Lg2 and whose position is adjustable so that the frame can receive photovoltaic panels of different dimensions, of different geometries such as rectangular, square. Thus, the photovoltaic panel rests by each of its corners on a corresponding spar. Flanges, not shown, and integral with the frame, allow to fix the photovoltaic panel on the frame Cd. The device 300 for removing at least one sheet, a film, consists of a moving means 310 of the photovoltaic panel and a cylinder 320 for winding said sheet, said film.
    [0013] The displacement means 310 of the photovoltaic panel is implemented by the capacity of the frame Cd to be able to translate and is, for this purpose, slidably mounted on the two lateral beams Ptl and Pt3, between a setting position of said sheet, of said film, and a final withdrawal position, presented respectively in FIGS. 1 and 6.
    [0014] In FIG. 3, rollers G1 are fixed under gussets Gt adjoining the two longitudinal side members Lg of the frame Cd and can roll on two corresponding raceways Cr fixed on the two lateral beams Pt, the two side members Lg being those which superimpose the two beams Pt Only the Lg3 beam and the Pt3 beam are visible in this detail view.
    [0015] The machine 100 is also equipped with a drive means of the frame between its two extreme positions. In FIG. 1, a rack Cm is integral with a side spar, and on which meshes a pinion fixed to the shaft of a drive means, such as an electric gearmotor Me. The gearmotor Me is fixed on one side. a pair of plates Pql and Pq2 adjacent to the frame 110 and more specifically to the two lateral beams Ptl and Pt3. Thus, the operation of the geared motor allows me to move in one direction or the other Cd frame supporting a photovoltaic panel, between its two extreme positions. The cylinder 320 is disposed between the two plates Pq. It is intended to allow the winding of at least one sheet, a film, adjacent to the photovoltaic panel during the displacement of the frame Cd. It is rotated, by one of its ends, by means of the gearmotor Me In its priming position, that is to say in the starting position of the frame shown in this FIG. 1, the cylinder 320 is positioned above a corner of the photovoltaic panel resting on a shim C1. It drives from its other edge another pinion which meshes with another rack Cm integral with the other side member Lg3 to provide a precise displacement in the frame Cd. In FIG. 3, the cylinder 320 incorporates a retaining and detachment clamp 330 of a corner of said sheet, said film, and which opens through a light Lm formed through the wall of the cylinder 320. It is mounted floating vertically between the plates Pq through two oblong openings Ob passing through these two plates so as to be abutted on the photovoltaic panel Pp. The cylinder 320 is held by two bearings mounted respectively on two flanges that can slide vertically along the two plates pk. Only the plate Pq2 is visible on this detail view. The clamp 330 can open at the start of the removal process to enter the corner, previously removed from the sheet, the film. The clamp is then closed, then the Cd frame carrying the photovoltaic panel Pp is moved, while the cylinder 320 is rotated. The sheet and / or the peeled film is (are) wound around the cylinder 320. The retracted end position of the frame Cd is shown in FIG. 6. The opening and closing movement of the gripper 330 is implemented via an operating means detailed hereinafter. More specifically, the operation of the clamp 330 is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. An axis 322 passes through the cylinder 320. It is connected from one edge to a gear meshing on a toothed sector 332 connected to a cam 334 and is connected from its other edge to the maneuvering means which is constituted by FIG. 4, an oscillating cylinder Vs, mounted on the other end of the cylinder 320. The cam 334 is mounted free to rotate between two flanges Fq wedged in the cylinder 320. A shoe 336 is fixed between these two flanges Fq. The operation of the jack Vs rotates the cam between a release position and a gripping position where it is held in abutment on the shoe 336, it is thus able to maneuver the said clamp between its open position and its closed position. . The machine is equipped with a heating means intended to facilitate the separation of said sheet from said film. It comprises, in FIG. 1, a lower heating plate Cc for heating the glass of the photovoltaic panel and whose heat is diffused throughout the structure of the photovoltaic panel Pp. The heating means further comprises a localized heating device disposed above the corner to take off. . It is used to take off and raise a corner of the back sheet and the encapsulation film which is attached to it to allow its grip by the release pliers. It is preferably an infrared lamp. It is not represented for reasons of readability of the drawing. Thermal assistance during the separation is also implemented. It is preferably carried out by blowing a flow of hot air over the zone being peeled off. This heat input located at the separation zone accelerates the peeling speed. The blowing of hot air is carried out by an apparatus fixed on a connecting bar between the pair of plates Pql and Pq2. The manipulation of the photovoltaic panel to place it on the frame Cd or to remove it while it is still hot is advantageously implemented with the help of a manipulator robot, which the operator can use with a remote control. The operation of the machine 100 is implemented via a programmable controller, not shown, capable of automating the various sequences producing the removal of said sheet, said film. It is connected in particular to sensors for measuring the heating temperature, measuring the speed of movement of the moving frame, the position sensors of the oscillating cylinder Vs and the sensors related to the safety of the machine. With reference to FIG. 2, and after removal of said backsheet Fr and the encapsulation film F2, photovoltaic cells Cv and their internal connections are apparent and remain stuck on the other encapsulation film Fl.
    [0016] The second step of the recycling process of the invention thus consists in removing these exposed photovoltaic cells as well as their metallic contacts which remain stuck on this other encapsulation film F1. A second machine is used for this, which proceeds by the joint use. a supply of heat and a breath of gas to take off the cells and their connections.
    [0017] The machine is shown in Figs. 7 and 8, under the reference 400. It consists of a table 410 equipped with a frame 420 for receiving at least one photovoltaic panel Pp, a device 430 for separating and collecting the cells and their connections.
    [0018] The table 410 rests with a base 412 on the floor. The frame 420 which covers the table is hingedly mounted between a horizontal position for receiving and removing a photovoltaic panel, visible in this FIG. 7 and a vertical or quasi-vertical working position of the photovoltaic panel, visible in FIG. 8, and in which one proceeds to the withdrawal and collection of cells and their connections. The hinge 422 of the frame 420 is disposed along an edge of the table 410. A counterweight 424 extends the frame 420 on the other side of the hinge to facilitate the operation of the photovoltaic panel of said frame between its two positions when he is wearing a photovoltaic panel. The frame 420 is held in its vertical closing position by means of clamping means such as Lp plating levers. In FIG. 8, the device 430 consists of a caisson 440 with parallelepipedal appearance arranged vertically or almost vertically at the joint 422, so that the frame 420 carrying a photovoltaic panel in its vertical working position can come close the rear portion of said box. The box is shown in transparency to see what it contains. A ramp 450 is placed inside the box. It is vertically movable between a high position corresponding to the beginning of the tearing phase and a low end tearing position. The drive means of the ramp consists of a geared motor Me driving a pair of belts arranged vertically and parallel to circulate in a loop around pulleys. The ramp 450 is fixed on each side to a strand of each of the belts. Thus in operation, the geared motor Me down ramp 450 during his work and then back up to its waiting position.
    [0019] In FIG. 9, the ramp 450 supports a heating means 460 consisting preferably of a gas burner for rapidly heating the photovoltaic cells stuck to the exposed encapsulation film, blowing nozzles 470 for heating, tearing said cells and their connections.
    [0020] The gas burner 460 comprises nozzles oriented perpendicularly and towards the photovoltaic panel Pp in its vertical working position. It is supplied with fuel gas and preferably with propane gas. The temperature of the heating flame is between 700 ° C. and 900 ° C. and preferably close to 800 ° C. and instantaneously heats up the metal components contained in the photovoltaic cells thus reducing their adhesion to the exposed film. The blast nozzles 470 are positioned above the gas burner and are oriented vertically and downwardly, that is, parallel to the surface of the exposed film which holds the photovoltaic cells, their electrical connections. The gas injected through the blowing nozzles 470 is preferably compressed air. It is allowed sequentially to create pulsations that will promote tearing, by the succession of air jet impacts, photovoltaic cells heated and retained on the film as well as electrical connections. The different nozzles can be formed through one and the same nurse. The same goes for the different blowing nozzles. Moreover, the position of the nozzles may be oriented slightly downwards so as not to hinder the descent of the torn fragments. Blow nozzles 470 can be oriented slightly toward the exposed film to improve their efficiency and without damaging the exposed film. The tear-off procedure is achieved by vertically moving up and down ramp 450. The heat of the flame reduces the adhesion of the components and the pulsed air stream releases the glued components that fall by gravity into a tray. collection disposed in the lower part of the box 440. It is visible in Figs. 7 and 8 under the reference 480. It will be noted that the almost vertical position of the photovoltaic panel in its tearing position of the photovoltaic cells is useful so that the torn debris can fall by gravity without sticking to the exposed film. The photovoltaic panel can also be held inclined by a few degrees, that is to say with its upper part arranged in front of its lower part, so that the torn debris can fall by gravity without being adhered again on the film laid bare. The dust produced during the tearing of the fragments are sucked into the upper part of the box 440 through an outlet mouth 490 via an industrial vacuum cleaner Ai, for example of the cyclone type. Outside air is admitted for this purpose in the box 440 through ev vents Ev made in the lower part of the box 440.
    [0021] The operation of the machine 400 is implemented by means of a programmable controller, not shown, capable of automating the various sequences producing fragmentary tearing of the photovoltaic cells. It is connected in particular to sensors for measuring the heating temperature, measuring the speed of movement of the ramp 450, pulsating frequencies of the blowing air and sensors related to the safety of the machine. The operating cycle of the installation of the invention is as follows. The photovoltaic panel is prepared by dismantling mechanically its accessories, its frame, its gutters, its junction boxes. For example, using a manipulator, a photovoltaic panel Pp thus prepared is deposited on the frame Cd of the machine 100 by positioning it with its glass plate P1 facing downwards. The panel is heated to the temperature prescribed by the heating means. The corner of the foil Fr and the film F2 which has been peeled off and lifted by the heater is placed between the cam 334 in its disengaged position and the shoe 336. The hot air blower is set in operation, then the actuator Vs is put into operation so that the corner of the sheet and the film is retained in said clamp. In FIG. 5, the arrow R2 materializes the rotational movement of the cam 334 to its pinch position.
    [0022] The cycle is continued by rotating the cylinder 320 and translating the frame Cd under the effect of the operation of the gearmotor Me. Thus, during the rotation of the cylinder 320 shown in FIG. 5 by the arrow R1, the cam 334 retains the corner, shown in broken lines in its gripping position, the sheet Fr and the film F2, these two components can then be wound around the cylinder 320 in order to be finally removed , exposing photovoltaic cells Cv. To carry out this stage of the cycle, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel Pp must have been checked beforehand and the speed of advance of the frame Cd is adapted as a function of this temperature to take off the backsheet and the attached encapsulation film and this without tearing them apart. The preheating temperature of the glass is thus between 70 ° C and 90 ° and preferably equal to 80 ° C plus or minus 5 ° C. Thermal assistance to the detachment by blowing of a flow of hot air is performed at a temperature between 300 ° C and 400 ° C, and preferably at a temperature of 350 ° C. The speed of advance of the frame is set between 5 and 15 mm per second and preferably at 10 mm per second. The heating temperature remains lower than that of the release of gases by the encapsulation films.
    [0023] It will be noted that a high proportion of photovoltaic cells, electrical connections, of the order of at least 80%, remains stuck on the film exposed at the end of the first step of detachment of the backsheet and of the first encapsulation film. At the end of the withdrawal, the photovoltaic panel Pp is evacuated, and the detached components are unwound during the movement of the frame to its initial position. The photovoltaic panel Pp is then discharged and placed on the frame 420 of the machine 400, then it is moved to its vertical position against the casing 440. The frame 420 is clamped in this position. The burner 460 is ignited, compressed air is cyclically injected into the nozzles 470 and the ramp 450 is immediately moved downwards via the gearmotor Me. The photovoltaic cells Cv, their connections, are torn off because their reduced adhesion with the encapsulation film by the heating effect and by the impact of pulsed jets of compressed air. They break up into debris during their separation and fall by gravity into the collection tank 480. At the end of the tearing operation, the burner 460 feed is cut off, the compressed air supply of the nozzles 470 is also interrupted and the ramp 450 is raised to its original position. Almost all photovoltaic Cv cells, their connections, present at the beginning of this second step is removed from the photovoltaic panel at the end of the recycling process. The photovoltaic panel is unbridled, returned to its horizontal position where it can be evacuated to complete its dismantling. It is thus possible to recover the glass constituting its plate P1, the metal of its chassis. The method of the invention is relatively inexpensive to implement because using little energy. The machines are also relatively simple and therefore guarantee reliability. The silicon chips of materials are free of plastic material. They are of sufficient size, minimizing particle-like breakage. Their collection because they are less volatile is all the easier.
    [0024] The shards collected can then be recast to be recycled into new photovoltaic cells. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the blowing nozzles present in the machine 400 with reference to FIG. 9 are replaced by scraping means, such as a blade or a brush. Note that the two machines 100 and 400 can be joined by coupling them so that the photovoltaic panel processed by the machine 100 and which rests on the frame Cd can be transferred automatically to the frame 420 of the machine 400. A robot The gripper can be used to reposition the photovoltaic panel by turning it and then to deposit it on the frame 420.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1) A method for recycling photovoltaic panels consisting in removing the photovoltaic cells they contain, the photovoltaic panels being of the type comprising, from their face intended to be exposed to the sun, a glass plate (Pl) or made of a translucent material , a first encapsulation film (F1), photovoltaic cells (Cv), a second encapsulation film (F2), the photovoltaic cells being trapped between the two films (F1, F2), a backsheet (Fr), characterized in that it consists, in a first step, in removing the contiguous backsheet (Fr) and the second encapsulation film (F2), so as to expose the photovoltaic cells (Cv) which remain retained on the first encapsulation film (F1) then, in a second step, to heat and tear the photovoltaic cells (Cv) exposed.
    [0002]
    2) recycling process according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating of the photovoltaic cells (Cv) is carried out with the flame.
    [0003]
    3) recycling process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tearing of the photovoltaic cells (Cv) is achieved by a sequential injection of a gas under pressure.
    [0004]
    4) recycling process according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the two substeps heating and tearing are simultaneous and performed by a relative movement between a ramp (450) carrying the heating means and tearing and a frame (420) for supporting at least one photovoltaic panel (Pv).
    [0005]
    5) recycling process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists in the first step to heat from below the photovoltaic panel (Pp), to take off a corner of said back sheet (Fr) and said second encapsulation film (F2) and then to wind these constituents to detach them from the photovoltaic panel (Pv).
    [0006]
    6) recycling process according to claim 5, characterized in that the detachment of the corner is achieved by localized heating above it.
    [0007]
    7) Recycling process according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it consists in performing a local warming of the zone being detached by means of a hot air flow.
    [0008]
    8) Photovoltaic panel recycling plant for removing the photovoltaic cells they contain, the photovoltaic panels being of the type comprising, from their face intended to be exposed to the sun, a glass plate (P1) or made of a translucent material , a first encapsulation film (F1), photovoltaic cells (Cv), a second encapsulation film (F2), the photovoltaic cells being trapped between the two films (F1, F2), a backsheet (Fr), the installation comprising means for removing the adjacent backsheet (Fr) and the second encapsulation film (F2), characterized in that it comprises a ramp (450) movable sliding along a frame (420). ) for supporting a photovoltaic panel (Pv) in a vertical or near vertical position, the ramp (450) carrying a burner (460) designed to heat the photovoltaic cells (Cv), nozzles (470) for ejection of a gas under ession designed to tear said photovoltaic cells, said ramp being coupled to a moving means arranged to move it parallel to the photovoltaic panel when it is arranged in the frame (Cd).
    [0009]
    9) Recycling installation according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a box (440) in which is enclosed the ramp (450) carrying the burner (460) and the nozzles (470) ejection, the box comprising in the lower part a collection tank (480) torn debris.
    [0010]
    10) Recycling installation according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the removal means of the back sheet (Fr) and the second contiguous encapsulation film (F2) comprises a frame (Cd) for supporting a photovoltaic panel (Pp), a translational drive means of said frame, a winding cylinder (320) provided with a clip (330) for retaining the corner of the back sheet (Fr) and said second encapsulation film (F2), a rotation drive means of said cylinder, so that the cylinder can take off and wind up the back sheet (Fr), the second encapsulation film (F2) to expose the photovoltaic cells (Cv) on the first encapsulation film (F1).
    [0011]
    11) Recycling installation according to claim 10, characterized in that the translational drive means of the frame (Cd) is common with the drive means for rotation of the cylinder (320), the drive means comprising a geared motor (Me) coupled to at least one gear meshing on a rack (Cm) integral with said frame, the cylinder (320) being held between two fixed plates (Pq) being driven at one end by the shaft of the geared motor (Me).
    [0012]
    12) Recycling installation according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the clamp (330) comprises a rotary cam (334) movable against a shoe (336), said cam being connected to a maneuvering means (Vs) disposed on the other end of the cylinder (320).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3017551B1|2016-03-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE19539699A1|1995-10-25|1997-04-30|Siemens Solar Gmbh|Economical refurbishment of photovoltaic solar modules|
    EP0935295A2|1998-02-05|1999-08-11|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha|Semiconductor device, solar cell module and methods for their dismantlement|
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    JP2007180063A|2005-12-26|2007-07-12|Kyocera Corp|Disassembling method of solar cell module|
    US20080236743A1|2007-04-02|2008-10-02|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.|Apparatus for removing a polarizer and method thereof|WO2019043331A1|2017-08-30|2019-03-07|Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives|Method for disassembling a photovoltaic module and associated installation|
    WO2019043329A1|2017-08-30|2019-03-07|Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives|Method for disassembling a photovoltaic module and associated installation|
    WO2019087111A1|2017-11-02|2019-05-09|Universita' Degli Studi Di Padova|Method and plant for recycling photovoltaic panels|
    EP3352227A4|2015-09-18|2019-05-15|Toho Kasei Co., Ltd.|Recycling method for solar battery module|
    FR3087049A1|2018-10-08|2020-04-10|Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives|METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TECHNOLOGY OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL, SORTING METHOD, RECYCLING METHOD AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE|
    法律状态:
    2015-02-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-02-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-02-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-02-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-02-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-11-13| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20201006 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1451356A|FR3017551B1|2014-02-20|2014-02-20|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR RECYCLING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS|FR1451356A| FR3017551B1|2014-02-20|2014-02-20|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR RECYCLING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS|
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